Product name:Cytarabine
CAS:147-94-4
Molecular Formula:C9H13N3O5
Formula Weight:243.22
Specification:500mg
Description:
Cytarabine is an antiviral drug of purine nucleoside extracted from Streptomyces culture medium and prepared by chemical synthesis. It is a white crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water, and its monophosphate is easily soluble in water. It can inhibit DNA viruses such as herpes simplex virus HSV1 and HSV2, hepatitis b virus, varicella zoster virus and cytomegalovirus, but has no effect on smallpox virus, adenovirus, other DNA or RNA viruses, bacteria and fungi. The exact mechanism of cytarabine antiviral has not been fully elucidated, which is mainly related to inhibiting virus replication. Drugs and their metabolites block the synthesis of viral DNA by inhibiting the DNA polymerase of the virus, while the drugs themselves only penetrate into the DNA molecule of the virus in a very small amount. In human body, the antiviral effect of drugs depends partly on the immune function of the host, and the drugs have no immunosuppressive effect. In vivo, 75% ~ 87% of the drugs were rapidly deaminated by adenosine deoxidase and turned into arabinose xanthine. The antiviral activity was significantly lower than that of the original drug and was quickly distributed in some tissues. When 10mg was given per kg of body weight, the peak blood concentration of alsacosine xanthine was 3 ~ 6 microns /ml, and that of adenosine arabinose was 0.2 ~ 0.4 micron /ml. Alsacosine xanthine could pass through the blood-brain barrier, and the drug concentration of cerebrospinal fluid was about 1/3 of that of plasma. 41-53% of the daily dose was excreted from urine in the form of arabinose xanthine, and 1-3% of the daily dose was excreted in the form of prototype drug. In clinical practice, cytarabine is mainly used to treat herpes simplex encephalitis, as well as herpes zoster and varicella infection in immunosuppressive patients, but it is not effective against cytomegalovirus. Also has the inhibition second liver virus replication pharmacological activity. Local drug used for herpes simplex virus keratitis, occasionally used for vaccinia virus keratitis.